17% of food-related asphyxiations were caused by hot dogs - "the perfect plug for a child's airway"

From Consumer Reports health blog:

Small toys and foods that are choking hazards should carry warning labels - and some hot dog brands already do.

About 17% of food-related asphyxiations were caused by hot dogs. In total, 41% were caused by food items including:

- hot dogs
- grapes
- carrots
- hard candy

Food manufacturers should design new foods and redesign existing foods to avoid shapes, sizes, textures and other characteristics that increase choking risk to children, to the extent possible.

"If you were to take the best engineers in the world and try to design the perfect plug for a child's airway, it would be a hot dog," says statement author Gary Smith. "I'm a pediatric emergency doctor, and to try to get them out once they're wedged in, it's almost impossible."

References:

Hot dogs under fire: Doctors push for stronger labeling
http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/feb2210studies.htm

Image source: Wikipedia, GNU Free Documentation License.

Related:

Kinder Surprise egg seized at U.S. border - banned by law as a choking hazard to young children http://goo.gl/UNUoG - Sold around the world.
Tragedy as teacher dies choking on hot dog at Wrigley Field http://bit.ly/15KdFkc
"Food is risky. You can choke on a hot dog, be poisoned by a pizza or die slowly from years of eating too much" - The Economist, 2014 http://buff.ly/1k0lKBY

Participation in clean-up of oil spill associated with airway injury and chromosomal damage

In 2002, the oil tanker Prestige spilled more than 67 000 tons of bunker oil, heavily contaminating the coast of northwestern Spain. The study population included local fishermen who were highly exposed (n = 501) or not exposed (n = 177) to oil. They were evaluated 2 years after the spill.

Elevated markers of airway injury

Persons exposed to oil were at increased risk for lower respiratory tract symptoms (risk difference, 8.0). However, lung function did not significantly differ between the groups. Exposed participants also had higher levels of exhaled vascular endothelial growth factor (risk difference, 44.8) and basic fibroblast growth factor (risk difference, 16.0).

Human chromosomes (grey) capped by telomeres (white). Image source: Wikipedia, public domain.

Chromosomal damage

A higher proportion of exposed participants had structural chromosomal alterations (risk difference, 27.4), predominantly unbalanced alterations.

Participation in clean-up of a major oil spill was associated with persistent respiratory symptoms, elevated markers of airway injury in breath condensate, and chromosomal damage.

References:

Health Changes in Fishermen 2 Years After Clean-up of the Prestige Oil Spill. Ann Intern Med, October 19, 2010, vol. 153 no. 8 489-498.