Can the placebo effect provide healing?

Medical historian Prof. Dr. Robert Jütte explains the significance of the placebo effect, the fact that it's no delusion when pills without active ingredients help us, and what doctors and patients should know about this mechanism.

Eyes Can Absorb Antioxidants From Green Tea, Which May Have a Protective Effect (In Rats)

Researchers fed laboratory rats green tea extract and then analyzed their eye tissues.

The results showed that different parts of the eye absorbed varying amounts of catechins. The area with the highest concentration of catechins was the retina, which is the light-sensing tissue that lines the back of the eye.

Antioxidant activity lasted for up to 20 hours after drinking green tea extract.

This is an animal study and we have no evidence that the same effect takes place in humans.

References:
http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/news/20100218/green-tea-good-for-the-eyes

Coffee vs. Tea - Infographic of Health Benefits and Risks http://goo.gl/StIsr
Image source: Green Tea leaves in a Chinese gaiwan. Wikipedia, Wikimol, Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5 License.

"The Parallax Effect of Long Hair" - Ian Gillan's talk

"The Parallax Effect of Long Hair" is a talk by Ian Gillian, Singer & Song writer with Deep Purple, given at The ICD Annual Conference on Cultural Diplomacy 2012 (Berlin, December 13th - 16th, 2012), The Power of the Arts and Culture to Promote Democracy and Global Peace:



Here is the back story, explained by Gillan: The Magic Bus http://www.gillan.com/anecdotage-45.html

Here, Gillan briefly reflects on the talk:

"When the director asked for the title and a copy of the speech I told him it would be entitled 'The Parallax Effect on Long Hair' and that it would be off the cuff, so to speak.

Basically it's about perception or how things are viewed differently, depending on where you're standing.

I was a little nervous to start with as it was unscripted and I'd never spoken publicly before, apart from the usual gibberish delivered on stage each night with DP before being gloriously interrupted by a drumist not known for his patience. But I did enjoy it and may do another, one day."

References:

ICD Mediacenter | Selection http://bit.ly/USLnf9
Gillan.com http://bit.ly/16diIEH

Anticancer effect of "5 a day" fruit and vegetable servings is negligible

It is widely believed that cancer can be prevented by high intake of fruits and vegetables. However, inconsistent results from many studies have not been able to conclusively establish an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk.

People who eat more fruit and vegetables than average may have a slightly reduced risk of getting cancer, a big study concludes, but the benefit is much smaller than previous studies suggested.

The European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) was a 9 year prospective study of nearly 500 000 Europeans. It concluded that the protective effect of eating fruit and vegetables is “very small” (J Natl Cancer Institute 2010).

Associations between reduced cancer risk and increased intake of total fruits and vegetables combined and total vegetables for the entire cohort were similar (200 g/d increased intake of fruits and vegetables combined, HR = 0.97); 100 g/d increased intake of total vegetables, HR = 0.98); intake of fruits showed a weaker inverse association (100 g/d increased intake of total fruits, HR = 0.99).

The reduced risk of cancer associated with high vegetable intake was restricted to women (HR = 0.98). Stratification by alcohol intake suggested a stronger reduction in risk in heavy drinkers and was confined to cancers caused by smoking and alcohol.

References:

Study finds that anticancer effect of “5 a day” is less than expected. BMJ, 2010.
Fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Apr 21;102(8):529-37. Epub 2010 Apr 6.

Effect of deployment on mental health of soldiers: common disorders and alcohol misuse more frequent than PTSD

This Lancet study examined the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of UK armed forces from 2003 to 2009.

9990 (56%) participants completed the study questionnaire (roughly 8000 regulars, 1700 reservists).

The prevalence was:

- 19·7% for symptoms of common mental disorders

- 13% for alcohol misuse

- 4% for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan was significantly associated with alcohol misuse for regulars (odds ratio 1·22) and with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for reservists (2·83)

Symptoms of common mental disorders and alcohol misuse remain the most frequently reported mental disorders in UK armed forces personnel, whereas the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was low.

References:

What are the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces? A cohort study. The Lancet, Volume 375, Issue 9728, Pages 1783 - 1797, 22 May 2010.

What Happened to the Marlboro Marine?

Image source: The Los Angeles Times.

Effect of 16-Hour Duty Periods on Patient Care and Resident Education

Dr. Amy Oxentenko details a study appearing in the March 2011 issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings (available at: http://www.mayoclinicproceedings.com) that looked at the effects of 16-hour duty periods for residents, and the impact of reduced shift length on:

- patient care metrics

- education

- transitions of care

- work hours

- resident satisfaction